A Study to Aesses the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Pneumonia among mothers of infant in a selected pediatric hospital Junagadh
Madhuri M. Katariya*, Kadali Sam Prasad, Jeenath Justin Doss. K.
Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot – 360006.
*Corresponding Author Email: katariyamadhuri1612@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on pneumonia among mothers of Infant in selected hospital at Junagadh was conducted in hospital. Objectives of the study: 1) To assess exiting knowledge regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in a selected pediatric hospital at Junagadh. 2) To assess the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in a selected pediatric hospital at Junagadh. 3) To find out the association between pretest knowledge scores with the selected socio-demographic variables regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in a selected pediatric hospital at Junagadh. The research design of the study is pre- experimental research design with one group pretest and posttest. Total 60 mothers were taken who have Infant, Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to select the mothers. The conceptual model of the study was general system model. The study was conducted at Shubham Hospital. Collected. Data was analyzed descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. The association between effectiveness of structured teaching programme will be analyzed by t-test. The obtained “t-test” value for the level of knowledge on regarding pneumonia 28.301 that was highly significance at p<0.05 level the hypothesis was accepted. Demographic variables such age, and area of residence, has obtained Chi-square value below the level of tabulated value at level of 0.05. Other demographical variables such as education, type of family, religion, number of children, source of information and diet pattern has obtained Chi-square value above the level of tabulation at the level of 0.05. thus, hypothesis H2 is accepted. So, it is inferred that there is association between the pre-test level of knowledge with their selected demographic variables.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Pneumonia, Mothers of Infant.
INTRODUCTION:
The word pneumonia means "infection of the lung." While pneumonia was extremely dangerous in past generations, today most children can recover from it easily if they receive proper medical attention.1
Pneumonia is an inflammation with consolidation of the parenchyma of the lungs.” Approximately 150 million new cases of pneumonia occur annually among children younger than five years worldwide, accounting for approximately 10-20 million hospitalizations. In India an estimated 25 million babies born annually and of these 24% (6 million) succumb to death. 7 out of every 10 of these are die due to acute respiratory infections. The incidence of clinical pneumonia in developing countries range between 20- 30%.2
Pneumonia is a lung infection that can range from mild to so severe that you have to go to the hospital. It happens when an infection causes the air sacs in your lungs (your doctor will call them alveoli) to fill with fluid or pus. That can make it hard for you to breathe in enough oxygen to reach your bloodstream. Newborns and infants may not show any signs of infection. Or they might vomit, have a fever and a cough, and seem restless or tired.3
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Pneumonia is a common illness that continues to be the major killer of young children in developing countries and elderly people in developed countries. Many microorganisms are associated with pneumonia, and now attention is turning to the importance of viruses as pathogens. Widespread introduction of Haemophiles influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines into immunization programmes has led to speculation about the growing predominance of viruses as causes of childhood pneumonia.16
India is a country where 25 million babies air born every year with world’s second largest population. Pneumonia among under five children continues to remain a major public health concern in India, where most mothers have little or no knowledge regarding care of respiratory tract illness in children. The 21st century offers a bright vision for better health for all it holds the prophecy not merely of longer life but super quality of life with less disabilities and disease. Every year respiratory problem in young children is responsible for an estimated 41 million deaths worldwide. The incidence of respiratory problems is similar in developed and developing countries about 90% of the acute respiratory tract infection deaths are due to pneumonia. This is usually bacterial in origin and it is important cause morbidity in children.
Lower respiratory tract infections are a common cause of morbidity among children. Among these infections pneumonia is the most serious illness and can be difficult to diagnose. The etiology of pneumonia is still partly unknown, primarily because of difficulty in obtaining adequate samples and lack of reliable diagnostic methods.17
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To assess exiting knowledge regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in aselected pediatric hospital at Junagadh.
2. To assess the effectiveness of the structured teaching programme regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in a selected pediatric hospital at Junagadh.
3. To find out the association between pretest knowledge scores with the selected socio-demographic variables regarding pneumonia among mothers of infants in a selected pediatric hospital at Junagadh.
HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY:
H1: The mean of post-test level of knowledge will be higher than the mean of pre- test level of knowledge regarding pneumonia.
H2: There will be significant association between their selected demographic variables and their pre-test knowledge regarding pneumonia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
RESEARCH APPROACH:
Quantitative research approach.
RESEARCH DESIGN:
The research design for the present study is a pre-experimental approach one group pre-test and post-test.
RESEARCH VARIABLES:
Independent variable: A structured teaching programme on pneumonia is independent variable.
Dependent variable: The dependent variable knowledge of mothers of infant on pneumonia.
SETTING OF THE STUDY:
The setting is the physical location and condition in which data collection takes place in a study. (Polit and Hungler, 2007) the study was conduct in selected Shubham hospital at Junagadh.
POPULATION:
Target population: Target population for present study is mothers of infants.
Accessible population: Accessible population is mothers of infant in selected hospital at Junagadh.
SAMPLE:
Sample of the present study are mothers of under-five in selected hospital at Junagadh.
SAMPLE SIZE:
The total sample size was 60 mothers of under-five in selected hospital at Junagadh.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
Non- probability Convenient sampling technique
Data analysis: The responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage) and inferential statistics (t-test and Chi-Square).
Lude
A. Findings related to demographic variables of the study
1. The majority of 32(53.33%) the samples age is between 26-30 years.
2. The majority of 22(36.67%) the samples are belonged to graduate level.
3. The majority of 32(53,33%) the samples are belonged from nuclear family.
4. The majority of 46(76.67%) the samples are Hindu.
5. The majority of 35(50.33%) the samples are Urban.
6. The majority of 38(63.33%) the samples have two children.
7. The majority of 42(70%) the samples are gained information from Health personal.
8. The majority of 53 (88.33%) the samples are non-vegetarian.
B. Finding according to assessment level of knowledge among mothers of infant in selected hospital.
The pre-test reported 56(90%) has inadequate knowledge, 6(10%) has moderate knowledge and there was nil reported on adequate knowledge and after administration of structured teaching programmed in the post-test knowledge of adolescent’s girls was 45(75%) has moderate knowledge, 15(25%) has adequate level of knowledge and there was nil reported of inadequate level of knowledge.
C. Findings related to effectiveness of structured teaching programme among mothers of infant in selected hospital.
The effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding pneumonia was revealed in the post-test that there was significance improvement in knowledge with administration of structured teaching programmme. The obtained “t-test” value for the level of knowledge on Pneumonia 28.301 that was highly significance at p<0.05 level the hypothesis was accepted.
D. Findings related to association between demographic variables and pre-test.
Demographic variables such age, and area of residence, has obtained X2 value below the level of tabulated value at level of 0.05. Other demographical variables such as education, type of family, religion, number of children, source of information and diet pattern has obtained X2 value above the level of tabulation at the level of 0.05. thus, hypothesis H2 is accepted. So, it is inferred that there is association between the pre-test level of knowledge with their selected demographic variables.
CONCLUSION:
The present study was conducted with an aim of imparting knowledge regarding pneumonia among mothers of infant in selected hospitals, Junagadh.
The pre-test knowledge scores obtained by the mothers of infant revealed that majority of them had inadequate knowledge regarding pneumonia. After the structured the structured teaching programme administered by the investigator, there was a significant improvement in the knowledge level of pneumonia which is evident from the mean posttest knowledge scores.
The study concluded that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge level of mothers of infant regarding pneumonia. By imparting adequate knowledge on these topics, the investigator believes that the participants of the study can rethink about their present health status of her child and can be able to overcome pneumonia.
1. Teramoto, S.; Fukuchi, Y.; Sasaki, H.; Sato, K.; Sekizawa, K.; Matsuse, T. High incidence of aspiration pneumonia in community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: A multicenter, prospective study in Japan. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2008; 56: 577–579.
2. Komiya, K.; Ishii, H.; Umeki, K.; Mizunoe, S.; Okada, F.; Johkoh, T.; Kadota, J. Impact of aspiration pneumonia in patients with com-munity-acquired pneumonia and healthcare-associated pneumonia: A multicenter retrospective cohort study. Respirology. 2013; 18: 514–521.
3. Bartlett, J.G. How Important Are Anaerobic Bacteria in Aspiration Pneumonia: When Should They Be Treated and What Is Optimal Therapy. Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am. 2013; 27: 149–155.
4. Bartlett, J.G.; Gorbach, S.L.; Finegold, S.M. The bacteriology of aspiration pneumonia. Am. J. Med. 1974; 56: 202–207
5. Cesar, L.; Gonzalez, C.; Calia, F.M. Bacteriologic flora of aspiration-induced pulmonary infections. Arch Intern Med. 1975; 135: 711–714.
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Received on 05.03.2024 Revised on 25.09.2024 Accepted on 30.01.2025 Published on 24.02.2025 Available online from March 17, 2025 Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2025;15(1):50-52. DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2025.00011 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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